Sports and healthy recreation in developed countries are considered an important and effective industry in different social, economic, cultural, and political dimensions. Recently, the competition between countries to win medals in international events and the ranking of countries based on the points gained has become very intense, and this has led researchers to investigate the factors affecting sports performance and the sports success of countries. (economic, socio-cultural, technological, demographic, geographical, hosting, legal, etc.) This study provides a relatively broad overview of background factors affecting sports performance. The research method was a domain-type library and review, and the data was collected through searching in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Sciencedirect, Google Scholar databases, as well as authoritative Persian databases such as Magiran, Irandoc, SID, Civilica, and Portal Comprehensive Humanities, without time limit, and using the keywords sports success, sports performance, international competitions, and Olympics, were collected. In total, out of the 40 studies found, 28 related studies were included in this research. The results of the conducted studies indicate that economic factors, political factors, geographical factors, population, cultural-social factors, and a host of main factors affect sports performance. In fact, the mentioned cases are like stimuli that can be effective in achieving sports success in overseas competitions such as the World Cup, Olympics, etc. Therefore, attention to these factors and their proper management can contribute to the development and progress of sports in international dimensions help. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers and sports officials of the country pay attention to these factors as sports priorities with proper planning in the long-term, medium-term, and short-term periods.