Introduction: Athletes and coaches use training models to create training adaptations, but the most effective way to develop strength in a sport is still unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Boris Shiko (BS) and Semolov Jr. (SJ) resistance training models on upper body muscle strength and changes in testosterone to cortisol (TT / C) ratio among powerlifting athletes.
Methodology: Thirty healthy trained men (age 25.8 ± 3.17 years; weight 82.2 ± 14.87 kg; height 179 ± 9.92 cm; BMI 25.4 ± 2.45 kg/m·2) randomly participated in this study. For this purpose, individuals were divided into three groups: control group, Boris Shiko model training group, and Semolov model training group. The subjects' chest press's muscle strength was calculated by 1RM test and re-evaluated after 8 weeks. The Boris Shiko training group trained 3 sessions per week, and the Semolov Jr. training group 4 sessions per week with the specified percentages.
Results: Covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The significance level was considered p<0.05. Data analysis showed that the BS training model significantly increased 1RM in upper body muscle strength, and these changes were not significant in the SJ model.
Also, in both groups of the training model, a significant increase in strength compared to the baseline was observed (p<0.05). Changes in the ratio of testosterone to cortisol were the same in both groups. Also, no significant difference was observed in testosterone's ratio to cortisol after 8 weeks of training compared to the baseline state in any of the groups.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the upper limbs' muscular strength does not increase equally as a result of the two training models presented. In the BS training model, the chest press record increases, but in the SJ training model, it is not significant and does not increase, and in some cases, it may even reduce the record. There was no significant increase in the ratio of testosterone to cortisol in any of the models.