This study aimed to investigate the impact different saddle heights and workloads in cycling on lower limb motion patterns . Ten cycling athletes participated in trials where saddle height was adjusted to 3 different saddle height of each rider's GTH (distance from great trochanter to ground) (97%, 100%, 103%) . Motion capture and EMG sensors were used to measure kinematics and muscle activation.
Riders completed 1 minute rides at 3 intensities (75%, 100%, 125% FTP) and 3 saddle heights.Twelve Vicon motion captures (Vicon MX, Oxford, UK, 120 Hz) were used to measure the markers positions and 16 wireless EMG (MYON, swiss, 1200Hz),The smart trainer (Tacx Flux s, Netherland) was used to measure output power of bicycle . Use OpenSim software IK, ID, JRF tools to simulation on scaled lower limb model. Results showed that saddle height significantly influenced lower limb kinematics and kinetics. Muscle activation patterns varied between saddle heights and intensities. A properly adjusted saddle height optimized engagement of key muscles like the quadriceps, hamstrings, and glutes, enhancing performance and reducing injury risk. Too low or too high a saddle could lead to inefficient pedaling, increased fatigue, and higher joint stress.
The study aimed to provide guidance to bike fitters and biomechanics specialist on calculating optimal saddle height for each rider based on changes in muscle activation. Proper saddle height individualization may enhance cycling performance and injury prevention through optimized muscle recruitment patterns.
This abstract summarizes the purpose, methodology, results, and implications of the study, providing a concise overview of the research conducted on the impact of saddle height on muscle activation during cycling.