Statement of the problem: Anterior cruciate ligament injury is considered one of the most important and frequent sports injuries of the lower limbs in many sports fields, and since the knowledge in this field and appropriate training programs to prevent this injury can be used by all athletes. And it seems necessary to examine it for coaches to be the way forward. The aim of this research is to review the common causes of anterior cruciate ligament injury and the treatment measures performed in this field.
Methodology: In this review study, all the articles from 2017 to 2018 were conducted using the internal databases of Mag Iran, Civilica, Iranmedex, SAD and Element. In the search for articles, the keywords of anterior cruciate ligament injury, knee injury, exercise program were considered in domestic articles. According to the exclusion criteria, fifty articles were selected and analyzed from the total of seventy related articles found.
Conclusion:
In general, the findings of this research show various factors such as knee valgus collapse, muscle strength, lack of extensors, femur trunk fracture, hamstring muscle tear, narrowing of the gap between the condyles, changes in the shape of the sagittal condyle, increase in slope. Tibia, reduction of tibial prominence, poor tibiofemoral congruence and reduction of anterior cruciate ligament size and delay in surgery are significant factors in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Among these factors, delay in surgery is considered the most important anterior cruciate ligament injury. becomes;Because patients who undergo delayed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear reconstruction are usually at risk for cartilage damage. Of course, according to one of the articles, surgery and quick reconstruction without delay does not prevent the occurrence of articular cartilage damage, but surgery can definitely reduce pain symptoms in patients with osteoarthritis. Therefore, various treatment strategies, including these treatments, can be performed balance and neuro-muscular exercises, use of knee braces, and the most important surgery has been suggested.